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Emergency Medicine Trauma & Resuscitation Beginner
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Trauma Rapid History: AMPLE

A
M
P
L
E
The standardized secondary survey history framework in Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS).

In trauma and critical emergencies, detailed chronological interviews are impractical. The AMPLE mnemonic captures the minimal critical medical history necessary to guide emergency resuscitation and operative management.

Systematic Breakdown

A

Allergies

Crucial for avoiding anaphylaxis with emergency antibiotics (e.g. penicillin), analgesics, or iodinated radiocontrast.

M

Medications (Current)

Detect anticoagulants (DOACs, Warfarin), antiplatelets, beta-blockers (blunts shock tachycardia), and insulin.

P

Past Medical / Surgical History & Pregnancy

Cardiac disease, previous surgeries, and last menstrual period in females of childbearing age.

L

Last Meal / Oral Intake

Determines aspiration risk and urgency of rapid sequence intubation (full stomach considered if meal < 6 hours).

E

Events / Environment Preceding Injury

Mechanism of injury: speed, rollover, seatbelt use, fall height, weapon caliber, blunt vs penetrating force.

High-Yield Clinical Pearls & Exam Tips
  • Always complete the Primary Survey (ABCDE) and address life threats before obtaining the AMPLE history.
  • Asking about medications immediately flags patients on oral anticoagulants who require emergency reversal agents.
Related Pharmaceuticals
Tranexamic Acid (TXA) Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC) Cefazolin
Related Clinical Conditions
Hemorrhagic Shock Polytrauma Traumatic Brain Injury
Authoritative Sources: American College of Surgeons ATLS 10th Edition · Rosen's Emergency Medicine 9e

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System Notice

Confirm Action